Introduction To Crude Drug
The term “Crude”, as used in relation to natural products,a crude drug is a natural drug of plant or animal origin which has undergone no treatment other than collection and drying, that is, the quality or appearance of the drug has not been advanced in value or improved in condition by any physical or chemical treatment beyond that which is essential for its proper packing and prevention from deterioration.
For example: Digitalis leaf, Rauwolfia root etc.
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Application of Drug
Drugs have the following applications• Prevention of a disease : for example, vaccine.
• Fight against an infection: for example, antibiotics.
• Temporary blocking of a normal function: for example, general & local anesthetics
• Detoxification of the body: for example, antidotes.
• Diagnostic agents: for example, radioisotopes.
• Correction of dysfunction: for example, cardiotonics (digoxin) for the treatment of congestive heart failure.
• Correction of hyperfuntion: for example, Rauwolfia root (reserpine) for the treatment of hypertension.
A crude Drug may belong to any of the following classes.
Crude Drug Classification:
A crude drug may belong to the following sources
- plant sources
- animal sources
- human blood products
- microorganisms
Crude Drugs Of Plant Sources
this includes crude drugs obtained from various medicinal plants.
for example atropine obtained from atropa belladona, hyoscine from hyosymus niger, opium from papaver somniferum etc.
crude drugs obtained from animal sources
in addition to plant sources crude drugs are also obtained from animal sources.animal derived crude drugs are various hormones and enzymes like: pepsin, pancreatin, rennim etc.
crude drugs obtained from human blood products:
from human blood insulin, enzymes, dried rbc, other biologicals and plasma etc can be obtained.
Crude drugs obtained from microorganisms:
from microorganisms vaccines and antibiotics are derived.genetic engineering has brought further diversity in the field.
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